Madsen sits next to 4 phonetic neighbors — Madison, Madigan, and Matsen are the closest matches by sound. Most share Madsen's Scandinavian cluster, so the rhythm and vowel shape carry across the list.
You searched for names like
"son of Mads (Matthew)"
"great one"
"winter season"
"Yahweh has bestowed"
"God is my strength (from Azael root)"
"young warrior"
"symbol of peace and wisdom"
"twin, primordial being"
"God is exalted, gift of God"
"enclosed field"
"settlement by the bridge"
"son of David"
"acquired, gotten"
"God is gracious"
"divine stream (Jor = stream + El = God)"
"bear strength"
"bright-headed, fair warrior"
"Yahweh has shown favor"
"growth, increase, abundance"
"rainbow"
"gatekeeper, one who lives by the gates"
Similar sound: These names share phonetic patterns with Madsen — similar vowel sounds, consonant clusters, or rhythm.
Shared roots: Several names on this list have Danish origins, giving them the same cultural heritage as Madsen.
Rhythm: Madsen is a 2-syllable name. Names with the same syllable count tend to feel interchangeable when you're narrowing your list.